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Htri Shell And Tube Hx

htri shell in parallel

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#1 mroy

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 05:27 AM

I am a software engineer, using HTRI for S&T Heat Exchanger design.

 

My knowledge of engineering is a bit limited.

 

I am trying to design a heat exchanger but I am getting shell in parallel x 2

 

What are the parameters I should vary so that I can get a single shell design ?

 

Hot fluid is air, temp 65 to 20, 8000 nm3/hr, 7.5 kg/cm2

Cold fluid is water, temp 11 to 15, 3 kg/cm2

 

How to calculate fraction vapor if air is condensing ?

 

Sorry for the novice questions.

 

Do I need to attach anything for your reference ?

 

Thanks in advance.

 

Madhabi

 

 

 

 



#2 Art Montemayor

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 08:41 AM

The following are only my personal opinions, based on over 57 years of experience as a practicing engineer.  They are not meant as criticism on you or your programming background.

 

You cannot expect to design a dependable, correct heat transfer apparatus (such as a shell & tube unit) without having had a formal preparation and training in process heat transfer.  And to do that, you have to have formal training in several other disciplines that extend beyond what a normal programmer is expected to know: fluid mechanics, mathematics, phase equilibria, etc., etc.  When you embark on using a formal, detailed engineering software such as HTRI you should be thoroughly trained in the Unit Operation of heat transfer - which usually falls in the realm of either mechanical or chemical engineering (probably due to the extensive training in that discipline).

 

Engineering design - especially process heat transfer - involves a lot of more knowledge than just a series of equations, software, or mathematical relationships.  That is why the design of these type of equipment is usually left in the hands of experienced mechanical and chemical engineers who have had a series of studies and experiences beyond of what is expected of a person who may be an expert in computer programming.  Many, if not most, chemical and mechanical engineers are capable and efficient programmers - but yet, lack the experience of designing an industrial shell & tube unit.

 

To potentially avoid wasting a lot of valuable time, I recommend you obtain a copy of a formal heat transfer text that would be one of the items that would be expected to be in your background of knowledge.  Such a text would be Process Heat Transfer, by Donald Q. Kern.  There are other, more current texts in heat transfer as well.  If you can fully understand and apply the theory, concept, and relationships discussed in such a text, then you should be able to start to understand the basics of being able to apply HTRI for a formal, detailed, and accurate mathematical design of a shell & tube unit.  Such was the problem facing the engineering experts that developed the early HTRI software.  However, you will find that in order to understand all the basic principles and theory that authors such as Kern present you will have to have a lot of formal engineering training or courses in your background. You will certainly be expected to know about and understand, a basic phase change - which is just one of the many physical and thermodynamic examples involved in most heat transfer operations.  A thorough knowledge of thermodynamics and phase changes (as found in phase equilibria) is certainly required before you get involved with a multi-component condensing vapor.  And that - specifically - seems to be your basic problem.

 

I don’t know whether you are a student or a practicing software engineer and I don't want to make this lengthy nor to disappoint you, but I hope you understand what I am trying to explain - based on my personal professional experience.  As a Project Manager and Lead Process engineer, I would never assign an HTRI heat exchanger design assignment to anyone besides an experienced mechanical or chemical engineer.  There are exceptions - but I have only found perhaps two or three in my career, and the persons involved have been exceptional and very gifted in personal experience and training.  Perhaps some of our members reading this may differ with me, or add to what I have stated.  Their contributions and experiences in this topic would certainly be welcomed and perhaps help you out.



#3 mroy

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 10:03 AM

Hi!

 

Thanks for your frank reply.

 

I would like to inform you that I have been designing heat exchangers for the past 15 years. But our applications are limited to air to water shell and tube heat exchangers used in compressed gas dryers. I have also written a software for in house use in DOS based system using C. Although not as extensively technical as HTRI and any other heat exchanger software, it was usually sufficient for in-house use.

 

Lately we have been using HTRI and I would like to tell you that HXs designed by me have been well appreciated and have been extremely energy and cost efficient in our dryers.

 

I also extensively refer to Kern.

 

This is the first time I have required some 'expert' advise from knowledgeable and experienced 'engineers' like you.

 

I hope some other such knowledgeable persons would condescend to help me out ?

 

Regards & thanks

 

Madhabi



#4 Pilesar

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 10:54 AM

   I agree completely with Art's post. You went quickly from 'a software engineer trying to design a heat exchanger' to 'I have been designing heat exchangers for 15 years.' All we can know about you is what you reveal. I will assume that your single quotes around 'expert' and 'engineer' were not intended to be snarky, but be aware that they might be interpreted that way and limit the help you receive from this forum.

   Moving on to technicals: Air is on the shell side? Try different TEMA configurations (such as an X shell). Air should not condense at these conditions, but water in the air may. You can see the calculated vapor fraction on line 6 of the Output Summary (Inlet/Outlet Y). Your water temperature increase is such that the water flow will be low. If the water is prone to fouling, then look at ways to get your water velocity up (such as allowing more water flow or using more tube passes.)



#5 mroy

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 11:44 AM

Hi Pilesar and Art,

 

I am extremely sorry if I appear snarky. I did not mean to be.

 

I thought I had not explained myself properly in the first post, hence the reply by Art.

 

I do not claim to be an engineer. I have been designing heat exchangers only to be used by compressed air dryers manufactured by us, which have a set of parameters which I understand and have mastered over the years.

 

In HTRI also, I usually design BEM Heat exchangers and take fraction vapor to be 1 on shell side (Hot Air) and 0 on tube side (Cooling Water). Usually in our application, the air temp is to be cooled from 150 deg C to 40 deg C and cooling water is got at 30 to 32 deg C. Delta T is usually 5 to 7.

 

This is to explain my level of expertise.

 

I am consulting and reading engineering books to solve my problem, which I have also done in the past.

 

It is the first time I have come to a professional forum with my problem, because I have usually been afraid of exactly these type of answers from the forums since I am not a technical person.

 

I don't mean to be snarky or sarcastic.

 

I was just hoping for some guidance from this forum.

 

Regarding the technicals,

 

Yes, hot air is in the shell side. I have to design to replace an existing heat exchanger of shell 20" and tube length 6 ft. Max can go upto 8 ft. Pressure drop required on shell side (air side) is 0.01 kg/cm2

 

Nozzle size air side 10"  water side 5".

 

I am getting 1 in series and 2 to 3 in parallel, which I don't want.

 

Hence the cry for help.



#6 Pilesar

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Posted 27 July 2017 - 12:23 PM

Did you try my technical suggestions? A BXM with 8 tube passes does not work for you? Doublecheck that your fluid quantities are correct. Confirm the units of measure as it is an easy mistake to make in HTRI input. Are you in Design mode? If so, let HTRI calculate the nozzle sizes needed as yours seem very large for such a small shell diameter.






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