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Organic Clays for Treating Oil and Gas Pipelines

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Osmotic Distillation

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Ozone Cycle

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Pervaporation: An Overiew

Pervaporation, in its simplest form, is an energy efficient combination of membrane permeation and evaporation.   It's considered an attractive alternative to other separation methods for a variety of processes.  For example, with the low temperature...

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Basics of Phase Equilibria

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Chemistry of Photography

While it is easy to make comparisons between the pupil of the eye and the f-stop of a camera or between the retina of the eye and photographic film, once we get past the basic similarities of the optics of the two systems, comparisons begin to rapidly...

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A Lesson Learned from Plants

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Measure Discharge Flow from a Horizontal Pipe

Ever been confronted with the exit of a horizontal pipe full of flow?  Wouldn't it be nice if there was a simple method to determine the flow rate in the pipe?  Here's a method that may help. This works surprisingly well and is very easy to do. All m...

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What About Plastics?

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Pneumatic Conveying Design

One of the most popular methods of moving solids in the chemical industry is pneumatic conveying. Pneumatic conveying refers to the moving of solids suspended in or forced by a gas stream through horizontal and/or vertical pipes. Pneumatic conveying ca...

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Basics of Polystyrene Production

Polystyrene is a widely used polymer.  After production of the monomer, from one of a few processes, the monomer proceeds to further processing to form polystyrene. Styrene Monomer ProductionThe energy needed for the reaction is supplied by superheate...

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Factors Affecting the Quality of Quicklime

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Refinery Planning and Optimization

Modern optimization techniques have challenged organizations to rethink the way they conduct business both internally and externally, i.e. how efficiently and effectively their entire supply chain is managed. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is one such b...

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Sizing of Packed Towers in Acid Plants

Packed towers are key components in sulfuric acid plants. Drying of the sulfur furnace air is necessary to avoid acid condensation and corrosion in downstream equipment and to minimize mist formation. Absorption of SO3 in the Interpass and Final Towers...

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Trickling Biofilters for Hydrogen Sulfide Odor...

Controlling hydrogen sulfide and other odor emissions is a major issue for most wastewater treatment plants. H2S odors can by reduced to very low levels by wet scrubbers using caustic and chlorine or sodium hypochlorite. However, the chemical storage,...

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Biosorption

Biosorption is the binding and concentration of heavy metals from aqueous solutions (even very dilute ones) by certain types of inactive, dead, microbial biomass6. Pioneering research on biosorption of heavy metals has led to the identification of a nu...

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Mail List Subscribers: Join Our Community

I'd like to welcome our mail list subscribers to our improved community. For years, visitors to the site had a chance to quickly fill out a brief form at the bottom of every page on the site to let us know that they wanted to be updated when new conte...

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Wine and Wine Making

Wine is fermented grape juice. Wine can be made from grapes, fruits, berries etc. Most wine, though , is made from grapes. And no matter what the wine is made from, there must be fermentation, that is, that sugar be transformed into alcohol. If the amount of alcohol is relatively low, the result is wine. If it is high, the result is a "distilled liquor," something like gin or vodka.

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