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Ankur's_Chemical_Engg_Blog



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Empirical Equations For Pressure Drop In Crude Oil And White Oil Pipelines

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 27 August 2012 - * * * * * · 17,588 views
empirical, equation, pressure and 4 more...
Empirical Equations For Pressure Drop In Crude Oil And White Oil Pipelines Most of the experienced chemical engineers know about the Darcy-Weisbach equation for frictional pressure drop using the Darcy friction factor values from Moody's chart. The Moody chart provides the Darcy friction factor values for a given Reynold's number and a given relative roughness for conduits with a circular cross-section (circular...


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Heats Of Combustion Correlations

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 13 August 2012 - * * * * * · 17,773 views
heat, combution, correlations
Heats Of Combustion Correlations There have been plenty of posts on Higher Heating Value (HHV) & Lower Heating Value (LHV) in the "Cheresources" forums including the difference between HHV and LHV and how it can be calculated or obtained. Online property databanks such as the NIST databook will provide you the HHV or LHV if you know which chemical or a mixture of chemicals...


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Safety Rules To Be Followed For A Field Visit By A Process Design Engineer

Posted by ankur2061 , in Uncategorized, Management 02 August 2012 - - - - - - · 8,857 views
safety, rules, field, visit and 4 more...
Safety Rules To Be Followed For A Field Visit By A Process Design Engineer Most new process engineers working in design consultancy are unaware of the safety rules that need to be strictly adhered when making a field visit to a chemical process unit whether it be an upstream oil and gas processing installation, a refinery or a petrochemical plant. Today's blog entry tries to expalin some basic safety rules for a site visit. I...


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You Are Most Likely To Be A Chemical Engineer If.....

Posted by ankur2061 , in Humor 27 July 2012 - * * * - - · 15,438 views
humor, chemical, engineering and 1 more...
You Are Most Likely To Be A Chemical Engineer If..... 1. When sitting with friends in a crowded restaurant one of your friend remarks how chaotic and disorderly it was inside, and you start explaining "entropy" to them.

2. You maintain different colored hard hats and safety goggles in your wardrobe.

3. You are planning to install a scrubber on your kitchen exhaust duct

4. Somebody mentions...


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Inter Discipline Check - It's Definition, Description And Importance

Posted by ankur2061 , in Management 19 July 2012 - * * * * * · 30,260 views
inter-discipline, check, project and 2 more...
Inter Discipline Check - It's Definition, Description And Importance I had been thinking of writing on the subject of "Inter Discipline Check", familiar to many experienced engineers working in the engineering design and consulting field by its acronym "IDC", for quite some time, and today seems to be quite appropriate.

Today's blog entry is specifically targeted for new chemical engineers joining...


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Fixed Water Spray Demand Calculations For Fire Protection Of Tanks / Vessels

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 12 July 2012 - * * * * * · 43,285 views
spray, water, fire, case, demand and 2 more...
Fixed Water Spray Demand Calculations For Fire Protection Of Tanks / Vessels Of late I have developed quite a bit of interest in HSE engineering and specifically related to Loss Prevention protection and I have been going through a lot of literature related to Loss Prevention and specifically related to fire protection.

When we talk of fire protection, some of the most comprehensive guidelines and standards developed for fire...


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As-Built Piping & Instrument Diagrams

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 06 July 2012 - * * * * * · 32,363 views
as-built, piping, instrumentation and 1 more...
As-Built Piping & Instrument Diagrams Not many young entrants in process engineering would be aware of this aspect of engineering and today's blog entry tries to put in perspective what "As-Builting" is all about.

Most of you are aware that during the engineering phase an important task by the process engineer is to prepare "Piping and Instrument Diagrams", in short...


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Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger Cost Estimation

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 21 June 2012 - * * * * - · 69,105 views
shell, tube, heat, exchanger and 3 more...
Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger Cost Estimation As promised in my earlier blog entry "Cost Estimation Of Fixed Roof (Cone) Carbon Steel Storage Tanks", today's blog entry relates to cost estimation of S&T heat exchangers. The equations are empirical and the reference is the same i.e.:

"Estimate Costs of Heat Exchangers and Storage Tanks via Correlations"  by Armando B....


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Cost Estimation Of Fixed Roof (Cone) Carbon Steel Storage Tanks

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 15 June 2012 - - - - - - · 35,357 views
cost, estimate, fixed, roof and 4 more...
Cost Estimation Of Fixed Roof (Cone) Carbon Steel Storage Tanks Estimating Cost for process equipment has always been an achilles heel for process engineers including yours truly. Everytime when I was asked to provide budgetary cost for equipment mentioned in a Front End Engineering Design report I used to be red-faced because I just had no idea of how equipment was costed. Fortunately in one or two organizations where...


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Pressure Drop In Gas-Solid Cyclones

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 04 June 2012 - - - - - - · 15,196 views
pressure, drop, gas, solid and 1 more...
Pressure Drop In Gas-Solid Cyclones Cyclone separators provide a method of removing particulate matter from gas  streams at low cost and low maintenance.

In general, a cyclone consists of an upper cylindrical part referred to as the barrel and a lower conical part referred to as the cone. The gas stream enters tangentially at the top of the barrel and travels downward into the cone, forming...


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Human Factors Engineering In The Chemical Process Industry

Posted by ankur2061 , in Management 17 May 2012 - * * * - - · 7,952 views
human, engineering, factors and 3 more...
Human Factors Engineering In The Chemical Process Industry Something new and interesting came up recently while I was checking some documents. This was related to "Human Factors Engineering" (HFE) related to an upstream oil & gas engineering installation. Today's blog entry is a kind of primer on HFE in context to the chemical process industry.

Let us start with the general definition of...


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Refinery Tankages

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 10 May 2012 - - - - - - · 8,581 views
refinery, tankage, tanks
Refinery Tankages Quite sometime back, in one of my previous organizations there was some talk into diversifying into the business of providing engineering services for petroleum refining industry. We were all very excited about it and all of the process engineers were asked to take up some background study related to a specific topic in petroleum refining.

Since the...


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Minimum Safe Flow For Centrifugal Pump

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 26 April 2012 - * * * * * · 51,586 views
minimum, safe, flow, centrifugal and 1 more...
Minimum Safe Flow For Centrifugal Pump Minimum Safe Flow for pumps has been discussed on numerous occasions on "Cheresources". Many posts have discussed the line sizing, flow control and the scheme for common minimum flow piping from multiple pumps operating in parallel.

Let us discuss pump minimum flow as defined by "API STD 610 - Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical...


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Some Notes On Corrosion In Upstream Oil And Gas

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 13 April 2012 - * * * * * · 11,635 views
corrosion, upstream, oil, gas and 1 more...
Some Notes On Corrosion In Upstream Oil And Gas Corrosion Control:
Corrosion control is required when the calculated general corrosion rate cannot be accommodated by reasonable corrosion allowances for carbon steel, as listed in the attached table. For example, if the predicted corrosion rate is 10 mils per year (mpy) for a heat exchanger shell with a 20 year design life, a corrosion allowance of...


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Heavy Hydrocarbon Recovery From Natural Gas

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 29 March 2012 - * * - - - · 14,441 views
heavy, hydrocarbon, recovery and 2 more...
Heavy Hydrocarbon Recovery From Natural Gas I have had several questions asked by entry level process engineers and even chemical engineering students studying petroleum engineering, about the various methods employed for heavier hydrocarbons recovery from natural gas and which one is better. While mentioning that there are many older methods which are gradually being phased out and newer methods...


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Importance Of An Hse Engineer In The Chemical Process Industry

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 16 March 2012 - - - - - - · 14,467 views
hse, engineer
Importance Of An Hse Engineer In The Chemical Process Industry To begin with, let me inform the readers of my blog that I do have basic knowledge related to "Health, Safety & Environmental" (HSE) engineering but I am not an expert on the subject.

In one of my previous jobs, there was a separate process engineering department with about 15 engineers who were led by me and a separate HSE department led by...


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Determining Hydrate Formation Temperature

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 29 February 2012 - * * * * * · 35,628 views
hydrate, formation, temperature and 1 more...
Determining Hydrate Formation Temperature Hydrates are crystalline solid compounds formed from water and smaller molecules in hydrocarbon fluids such as methane, ethane, propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

Hydrates are a nuisance, since they can block pipelines leading to stoppage of...


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Compressor Surge And Anti-Surge Control

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 21 February 2012 - * - - - - · 27,588 views
compressor, surge, control and 1 more...
Compressor Surge And Anti-Surge Control Compressor surge has been discussed often on the forum with many posts dedicated to the subject. Despite all these discussions there was a serious lack of the basic scheme of anti-surge control. Today's blog entry tries to remedy the situation. I am presenting an excel attachment related to basic anti-surge control which should help all those who have...


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Some Utility Consumption Estimates

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 14 February 2012 - * * * * - · 27,864 views
utility, consumption, estimates
Some Utility Consumption Estimates As part of preparing a process discipline manual for one of my previous organizations, one section that I had prepared was "Guidelines for Preparation of Utility Summary". This document besides containing an excel template for utility summary also had some guidelines for determining the consumption of utilities such as instrument air, cooling...


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Short Cut Formulas For Gas Densities At Various Standard Conditions

Posted by ankur2061 , in Technical 10 February 2012 - * * * * - · 31,589 views
gas, density, short, cut and 3 more...
Short Cut Formulas For Gas Densities At Various Standard Conditions Dear all,

I have been posed by many young entry level engineers about standard gas density calculations which I do in a jiffy using a calculator. I will try to summarize these below:

As a basic we are all supposed to know that gas density is calculated as:

rho = P*M / R*T*Z ------------- 1

or

rho = M / ((R*T*Z) / P) ----------- 2

where:

rho = gas...






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