Refining

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	Question
	What is the role of catalyst coolers in the production of gasoline?
	How can the higher heating values (HHV) for petroleum products be estimated from the specific gravity?
	Where is cyanide generated in the refining process?
	What is petroleum pitch?
	How is hydrogen used in the refining industry and how is it produced?
	How do I remove the odor from kerosene?
	What types of reactions are taking place during the steam reforming of naphtha?
	How do you scrub or remove practically all of the gases and odors from sulfur degasing units before prilling sulfur?
	What is a good method of cleaning a crude tower?
	What is the pour point of API 10 crude oil?
	How can I clean a welded plate heat exchanger and prevent future problems in our reforming unit?
	Where can I find a good, basic introduction to the process of refining?
	What is the significance of lubricity in diesel fuel?
	How can the LPG levels in dry gas be controlled in FCC plants?
	What equipment or bottlenecks need to be examined if we wish to operate our refinery above its design capacity?
	How can I learn more about synthetic gasoline technology?
	When is it necessary to use a pump that complies with API-610?
	What are some common causes of tube rupture in a hydrogen plant steam reformer?
	What technologies are commonly employed to purify hydrogen from a reforming unit?
	What are some special considerations for hydrogen transport lines exceeding three miles in length?
	Where can I learn more about re-refining of used lube oils?
	A molten sulfur tank is emitting a foul odor. What kind of options are available for emission treatment for type of situation?
	How can steam be utilized to reduce coking in crude furnaces?
	What types of options do refiners typically evaluate to reduce carbon dioxide emissions?
	Where can I find refining capacity statistics for refineries worldwide?